Car-wheel and process of making the same.



, J. SLA'I T ERY. v UAR WHEEL AND PROCESS OF MAKING THE BAKE, APPLIOATION um JAN. 20, 1909. l 925 ,394. PatntedJune 15, 1909.

In ventor m A Q Ill 10m: SLATTERY, or GHROME, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO GANDA I N; v,Ao'oPARTNE-Rsine.

, Application filed Januar -20, 1909.

To all whom it may concern:

Be knownthat 1, Jon)? SLATTERY, a citizeriof the United-States of America, and a.

resident of Chrome county of liiiddlesex, and

" Stateof'Ne'w Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Car-lYheels and Processes of Makingthe Same, of which the following is a specification. 1 o

My invention relates to car wheels and like metal wheels comprising two annularly related members secured together, and to a process of making the same, and my invention'com risesawheel comprising two annularly re ated members secured together by means of an integral annular rib on one said member fitting between two integral ribs of the other said member, and to a process or method "of making such wheels, comprising.

. theplacing of one of said members in a mold mem and the casting of the other of said members in such'mold, and the pressing of the resulting wheel so as to bring the two members 0 the wheel into close engagement. 1

The objects {of my invention are, to provide'a simple, strongand-reliable wheel, such as s cified, comprising -'a niiularly related b ers'united together, and, preferably, formed of'materials of different de ees of hardness, and to so design this whee that it,

may be constructed at relatively little ex-.

pense, and to; provide a process of makingsuch wheel capable of being carried out expeditiously an It is very important that the'tire or tread of a car wheel shall be of a very hardand tough steel. A tire of such material not only vhas greater inherent endurance than the best chilled cast iron, or than softer steel, but has far greater capacity to resist the formation of flat s ots, and sodoes not requ re truiri as equently as does the chilled iron 1 or so: steeltread- Flat s ots on the treads of car wheels are "usually us to sl p mg of" the wheel onthe'track after the app ication of the brake, and necessitate the removal of the wheel from the car and ts truing up by grinding .or turning down the tread of the wheel." Not only does this truing removea considerable proportion of I the material of the wheel rim, so reducing correspondmgly the permissible mileage of the wheel, but it;

necessitates laying up, the car for a considerable period of time, and considerable ex- Specification of Letters-Patent.

with relatively little ex ense, and, in particular, with relatively litt e machining of the parts.

cnmwnnnr. ND. PROCESS or 1VAKIL'lG THE PatentedJ'i uie 15, 1909. Serial No. 473,263.

peiise in-ma'chiniiig and grinding; the total,

creasedv mileage of the wheel being very considerabie. Vi here a wheel is formed entirely from one grade of steel, as for example, in the case ofLa-n' ordinary forged or pressed steel wheel, it is impracticable to have the rim or tread of the wiieel materially harder than the material of the hub of the wheel, because the hub of the wheel must be of. metal soft enough to permitthe hub to be bored for the rece tion'of the axle, and also because a relative y soft grade of steel must be used to permit the extreme alteration of sectionv involved in converting an ingot'or billet into a forged or pressed car wheel.

snore-Ens, or NEW YORK,-

fexpenses fromthese causes and fromthe de- My invention overcomes these objections;

permitting the hub portion'a'nd wheelbody to be made of onegrade of metal, either steel, or any other-suitable material, and the tire to be made of a very hard and tough grade of steel, and these two members of the i wheel when assembled, are united in suchmanner that they become thereafter practically one.

.by reason-of its hardness and toughness, for use in the wheel't-iref is expensive, and the "cost of the wheel maybe materially reduced by using a less expensive grade of steel for the wheel body and hub, this part of the wheel not requiring extreme hardness and toughness.

In the accompanyingdrawings I illustrate Making the 'tire and the wheel, body of different grades of metal has the;- further advantage that a steelbest adapted,

a car wheel embodying my invention, and

the method of making the same.

In the said drawings: Figure 1 shows a-fragmentary -axial section of one form of my: car

wheel,.before the 'parts havebeen pressed to gether; Fig. 2 shows'a similar section of the wheel after the pressingoperation; Fig. .3 is

; a view indicating more or less diagrammatically, the manner of perform ng the pressing operation, showing in section portions-ofthe pressing dies and showing the wheelbetween said dies; Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section of a nold such as beused in forming "the wheel, with the tire "andcores-in place therein; Fig. 5.sliow's a fragmentary axial-section of anotherform of myca'r wheel, before the parts have been pressed' together; and Fig.

,6 shows a similar section of thefli'vheel after 15116 Pf fiing operation. s g

In the drawings, numeral 1 designate .its inner side, with an inwar y-extending rib 3,v and the wheel body 1 is provided with corresponding outwardly pro ecting ribs 4 adapted to embrace this rib 3. Owing tothe fact that it is commercially im racticable in the rolling oftires, to produce, by therolling operation, a large number of tires, of about the same external diameter, having precisely the same internal diameter andribs of prereasons well known'to molders, I do not at- -ribs 5. I then place the wheel body and tire .ing ribs together so 4 referred to are completely closed an preparatory to the casting of the wheel bodyagamst it; 6 designating the body of the mold,

rests, 12 an upper wheel body,

cisely the same depth, and also because molds customarily diiierslightly in-size, for

temptv in the casting tight fitting together of the ribs 3 and 4 of the tire and wheel body respectively, but to the contrary cast the wheel body against the rib of the tire in such manner that greater or smaller clearance spaces are left, as indicated in Fig. 1, and I further provide the wheel body, as cast, with 'protuberant annular operation to secure between the dies of a suitable press and by he action of the said dies, exerted on these ,protuberant' ribs 5, thewhee'l body and tire e ing thenat a forging heat, press the engagthe parts of the wheel are firmly and inseparably united. Fig.2 showsthe resulting wheel. I

Fig, 4indicates the shape'oi the mold used and shows the tire in place within the mold,

7 the s ace within which the molten metal to form the wheel body is to be poured, and '8' a core to formthe cored-out space 9 of the wheel body.

To prevent relative rotation of the tire and wheel body are pressed between the dies,

asfabove described; the wheel body and tire firmly interlocked against bein thereby relative rotation.

In pressing the wheel .body against thetire, I customarily ,rovide dies substantially .such" as-shown in ig... 3,,wherein 111desig--- .nates a lower dieupon which the wheel'body die by which the pressure is exerted, and 13 an annular die embracing the, tire and serving to prevent distortion or ftlOn, In pr spreadingfther' f during the pressin opera;

die 1 3 pro- Furthermore, the tire is,-

. to force the two that the clearance s aces I customarily provide the rib 3 of the tire with a plurality of notches 10, at

intervals, which notches will be filled by the metal of the wheel body when the ribs of said together and vided means such as well known to those skilled in the art, for accommodating the die to'tires differing slightly in shape or external diameter. e

I The com lete operation of making the car, wheel s, t erefore, as followsr The tire is rolled 1n the customary manner and is then placed within a mold such as shown in Fig. 4,

wheel is poured into this mold, thereby producing a wheel body having ribs 4embracing the rib 3 of the tire. The parts so interlocked and moltenmetal to form the body of the i arethen heated to a forging heat, after which I they are laced between the dies of a suitable press an the wheel body is pressed against the tire so as to bring the metal of the two parts of the wheel into absolute contact at all points, .to fillthe notches l0, and, in a word, to make the two parts of the wheelpractically one. Or, instead ofu'sing a press arts of the wheel together, I may use any 0t ier suitable'm'eans.

1 Instead of roviding the wheel body with two ribs, an the tire with but one rib,the wheel body may be provided with one rib embraced by two ribsformed on the tire. This is illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6,'in which l ldesignates the wheel body, 15 the tire, 16 a single annular rib formed on the'wheel body,

and 17 two inwardlyprojecting ribs formed on the tire and embracing'between them the single rib of the wheellbody. v

' hat I claim is 1. A method of forming ear wheels and like objects, comprising, two .annularlya'elated members, which comprises forming one of said members with a rib or ribs adapted to be engaged by a rib or rib'sof the other memb er, casting into appro iimate final relative position'the other 0 said'members and by he casting operation forming on the memher so cast a rib or ribs interlocked with the rib or ribs of said "other member, and by pressure forcin the engaging ribs of the two. members toget er.' r

2. A method of forming car .wheels and like -objects, comprising two annularly-related members, which comprises forming one of said members with a ribor ribs adapted to be engaged by a rib'or ribs of .the other member, casting into a'p roxirnate final relative position the other 0 said members and by,

the casting operation forming on the member socast a rib or ribs interlocked with the .rib or ribs of the said other member, the rib or ribs of one of sa'idmembers beingv pro-i vided with surplus metal, and byipressurc,

forcingthe enga ed ribs of the two members 'ng clearance space which may therefore have existed between the interlocked ribs of said members.

3. A method of forming car wheel and like objects comprising two annularly-related members, which eomprisesforrmng a tire with one or more mwardly projecting ribs,

members, wlr'ch 35.;

eration forming on such body portion a rib or ribs interlocked with the rib or ribs of the. tire, and by pressure forcing the engaged ribs oi the two memberstogether.

4. A method of forming car wheels and like objects comprising two annula-rly related' members, wh1ch comprises forming a tirewith one or more ini'rardly projecting ribs,

tion a body portion and by the casting o eration forming on such body portio na rib or nbs interlocked wltlrthe rib or ribs of h and by pressure forcing the engaged ribs of the two members together and filling clearance s .ace which may (heretofore have existed etween the interlocked ribs of said members.

' 5. Amet'hod-oi o objects 'co p1- "'1 o annularly-related arises casting into approximately correct'r-elatiye position with respect to oneof said members, previously formed, the other of said members, and then by pressure exerted against one of said 4. tire,'-the rib or ribs of onevofrthe members so formed being provided with surplus meta-l,

'ng car wheels and likemembers,i\\hile.it is at a forging heat, uniting the 'members together.

.6; A wheel comprising separately formed annularly-related members, provided; with interlocked annular ribs, one of the said members provided with one such rib andtho other of said members provided with two such ribs inclosingbetween them the firstmentloned ribs, one oi said members having notches into which the metal of the other castmg into approximate final relative posisuch member projects, thereby securing the,

members against relative rotation ee'l comprising a tire and a body separately farmed, said tire provided with JOHN SLATTERY. Witnesses H. M. MARBLE, FRANK E; RAFFMAN. 

